Abstract: In this article, I seek to critically interrogate the field of music education’s hesitance to engage with hip-hop’s inclusion in music studies. I begin by briefly summarizing the pedagogical potential of hip-hop and then consider why much of the field­ still continues to express hesitance toward engaging with the genre and the scholarship surrounding it. To begin to answer this question, I mobilize a personal experience in a teacher education program in order to exemplify how the act of racial shaming, among myriad other forces, perpetuates a bias against music such as hip-hop and pedagogy of Whiteness in music education. To conclude, I draw theoretical and pedagogical implications for teachers and teacher educators engaged in combating a pedagogy rooted in White conceptions of art and education.

Author: Noah Karvelis – Phoenix Public Schools, Phoenix, AZ, USA. 
Published 06/29/2018.

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Abstract: Despite ongoing discussions about cultural diversity, practical progress towards a more inclusive and flexible system in music education remains slow (College Music Society, TFUMM 2014; Rampal 2015; Carson and Westvall 2016). As critical and reflective music practitioners and scholars, we should continue to explore every avenue that might promote higher levels of cultural sensitivity in our field. From the field of intercultural education, Milton Bennett (1993; 2004) proposes a framework for understanding and facilitating growth in this area, known as the Developmental Model of Intercultural Sensitivity (DMIS). Through this article, the author provides suggestions for applications of this framework in music education. Specifically, the author argues the DMIS framework can help university music teacher educators better understand the ways in which their students experience cultural and musical diversity, so they will be equipped to design individualized and relevant learning experiences that will move future music teachers towards higher levels of cultural sensitivity within the context of their teacher preparation programs.

Author: Jennifer M. Mellizo – University of Wyoming Laboratory School, Laramie, WY, USA. 
Published 02/20/2018.

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Abstract: Curriculum studies are regularly overlooked in the pre-service training of music teachers. This article examines traditional curriculum theories and philosophies and their weaknesses. Then it offers an account of contemporary theory and philosophy, including praxial theory. A praxis-based curriculum model based on action ideals is offered.

Author: Thomas A. Regelski – Helsinki University. 
Published 02/20/2018.

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Abstract: American music education systematically discriminates against Blacks and other minorities. Scholars have suggested practices for diversifying pre-service programs and higher education faculty; however, little literature focuses on race, power, and privilege in K-12 classrooms. Less literature exists by minorities reporting effects of Eurocentric music teaching on minority students, even though psychology, sociology, and education have published numerous studies on the phenomenon. The purpose of the article is to offer a new teaching model for music education in a second grade general music classroom. The curriculum aims to use music as a tool to develop critical learners who engage in dismantling systems of hegemony that permeate the field. Moreover, this curriculum seeks to give voice to the silenced and marginalized experiences of People of Color in the field and to implore others to tell their story. Paulo Freire’s (1970) Pedagogy of the Oppressed is used as a theoretical framework to defend the author’s ideals.

Author: Deejay Robinson – Boston University. 
Published 03/26/2017.

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Abstract: This account focuses on the value of music and music education as a social praxis. With that in mind, it explores five interrelated topics and the criteria for their praxies. First, what music “is”; then an analysis of individual music lessons; next, the challenges of general and classroom music; fourthly, issues involving ensembles; and finally, the reasons for choosing a career in music education. Frequent references to new praxial theories of music are assumed to be familiar in recent scholarship, and the value of music and music education is offered as a reminder of the importance, in each case, of music education as focused on musicing, not on aesthetic abstractions and premises. This is a survey of the impact of theory, of whatever vintage, and its relevance to praxis, not an examination of new research which is best explored in the sister journal ACT. And the theory addressed is well positioned to impact praxis, for those who look beyond status quo practices.

Author: Thomas R. Regelski – University of Helsinki. 
Published 02/09/2017.

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Jennifer Mellizo proposes the term “multicultural music education” can be understood as culturally diverse musical content, approached and implemented from a critical perspective, by music educators who lead their students in active music learning experiences, and consider the process of teaching and learning music that is preferred in the original cultural setting. Mellizo’s process-oriented conceptualization of multicultural music education differs from the manner in which it has been implemented in many classrooms over the past fifty years. Mellizo explores David Elliott’s views as well as multicultural education theorists’ such as J. A. Banks’ and C.R. Abril’s, and proposed curricular applications consistent with these well-grounded theories. Although this conception has been around for decades in music education, Mellizo takes a new look at it at a time when it is picking up steam in other fields, exemplified, for example, in the U. S. by the push for a “global-ready student” in the Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development (ASCD).

Author: Jennifer M. Mellizo – University of Wyoming Lab School. 
Published 01/18/2017.

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Kent Knappenberger, recipient of the first ever Grammy Foundation and Recording Academy Music Teacher of the Year Award, shows the close ties between theory and praxis as demonstrated in the music curricula of the Westfield Academy and Central School.

Author: Kent Knappenberger – Westfield (NY) Academy and Central School. Published 06/25/2016.

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